2018 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)真题

Section I Use of English

Directions:

Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the

ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)

Trust is a tricky business. On the one hand, it’s a necessary condition 1 many worthwhile things: child care,

friendships, etc. On the other hand, putting your 2, in the wrong place often carries a high 3.

4, why do we trust at all? Well, because it feels good. 5 people place their trust in an individual or an institution,

their brains release oxytocin, a hormone that 6 pleasurable feelings and triggers the herding instruct that prompts

humans to 7 with one another. Scientists have found that exposure 8 this hormone puts us in a trusting 9: In a Swiss

study, researchers sprayed oxytocin into the noses of half the subjects; those subjects were ready to lend significantly

higher amounts of money to strangers than were their 10 who inhaled something else.

11 for us, we also have a sixth sense for dishonesty that may 12 us. A Canadian study found that children as

young as 14 months can differentiate 13 a credible person and a dishonest one. Sixty toddlers were each 14 to an

adult tester holding a plastic container. The tester would ask, “What’s in here?” before looking into the container,

smiling, and exclaiming, “Wow!” Each subject was then invited to look 15. Half of them found a toy; the other half

16 the container was empty-and realized the tester had 17 them.

Among the children who had not been tricked, the majority were 18 to cooperate with the tester in learning a

new skill, demonstrating that they trusted his leadership. 19, only five of the 30 children paired with the “20”tester

participated in a follow-up activity.

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